附件4 航路最低高度和要求的导航性能

航路最低高度 Airway Minimum Altitude Coding

A.概述

  一个ARINC424数据库也许会包括三种层面的航路/航线，分别是高空、低空和高中低空，将采用以下三种方式描述：
  An ARINC 424 Data Base may contain three “levels” of Enroute Airways. These are “High,” “Low” and “Both” Level routes. The following descriptions apply:
  1.高空航路,用H,要求：
   a.由相关政府机构设计批准的高空航路;
   a.Routes that exist only in the upper airspace as officially designated by the appropriate authority;
   b.虽然政府未建立高空区域，但事实证明这些航路就是供高空或UPPER使用的;
   b.Routes that are officially designated as “Upper” or “High” even though the structure in which they
exist has not been officially established as “Upper Airspace.”
   c.如果提供了MEA或MFA，必须标示为高空航路。
   c.Routes that, by virtue of the assigned MEA or MFA, must be charted as high level routes.
  2.高中低空航路,用B,要求：
   a.没定义高空，还是低空使用的航路/航线，就像美国、加拿大一样;
   a.Routes that are not specifically defined into either the upper or lower airspace in a structure that does recognize these airspace divisions, for example the “Control Routes” in the USA and CAN coverages.
   b.没指定高中低空使用的航路/航线;
   b.Routes that exist without a “level designator” that are in a structure that does recognize the division of Upper and Lower Airspace.
   c.明确给高中低空使用的，而且这些航路的MEA或MFA比低空上限低或者比低空的上限高。
   c.Routes that exist in a structure that has Upper and Lower Airspace when such routes have a MEA or MFA assigned lower than the upper limit of Lower Airspace and a MAA above the upper limit of Lower Airspace.
  3.低空航路,用L,要求；
   a.由相关政府机构设计批准仅供低空使用的航路;
   a.Routes that exist only the lower airspace as officially established by the appropriate authority.
   b.公布了MAA的航路，而且它们仅仅是在低空图中标绘。
   b.Routes that, by virtue of the published MAA, must be charted in lower airspace only.
  4.航路/航线的序号
   当一条航线从一个高度层转到另一个高度层时，要排序。这是为了让所有的航线/航段在同一层面中，航线高度层代码不是应用于ARINC424数据库航路航线的排序。当一条航线从B拆分成L和H时，变化的这个点必须是B。
   Airways changing from one level to another level will be sequenced in order as any airway in the same level. The Airway Level Code is not used to sort airways in an ARINC 424 data base. When an airway changes from Airway Level Code “B” to two separate airways that are coded as “L” and “H,” the point of change will carry the “B” in the level field.

B.高空航路/航线 High Altitude Airways

  只有满足下列规则才能使用H:
  The altitude information shown on “High Level” records will be established with the following criteria:
  1.高度信息必须是政府发布的最低高度只是从MEA(最低航路高度)或MFA(最低飞行高度)；如果没有这两个高度，就输入此空域的下限。
  1.The altitude information included for High Altitude Airways will be derived from official government source. The values entered for “Minimum Altitude” will be published MEAs (Minimum Enroute Altitude) or MFAs (Minimum Flight Altitude). If neither of those two values are available through source documentation, the lower limit of the designated upper airspace will be entered.
  2.这里有两个栏，第二个栏只是在以下情况使用，当此航路发布了带方向的MEA或MFA时，且采用了与本地不一致的高度间隔时，要考虑使用方向信息。
  2.There are two Minimum Altitude fields. The second of these is only used when an Enroute Airway has been published with “Directional MEAs” or “Directional MFAs.” “Directional” information is considered to exist when the difference in altitude in opposing flight directions is higher than would be indicated by normal separation standards.
  3.对于没有公布标准间隔或指定使用空间的航路航线第一个最低高度栏将填入最低可用高度。不标准的间隔或高度使用空间，会在航路/航线的cruise table ref中保存。
  3.For Enroute Airways published with non-standard separation or blocked altitudes, the first Minimum Altitude field will contain the lowest altitude available. The non-standard separation and/or blocked altitude information will be available in the “Cruise Table” referenced in the Enroute Airway Record.
  4.最大高度将填写本航段的最高可用高度，这将等同于此空域的最大高度，除非政府公布了一个更低的高度，如MAA(最低批准高度)。
  4.The Maximum Altitude field will contain the highest useable altitude for the Enroute Airway Segment. This will be equal to the Upper Limit of the Designated Upper Airspace unless a lower altitude, a “MAA” or Maximum Authorized Altitude, has been published in the official government source.

C.低空和高中低空航空 Low Level and “Both” Level Airways

  “Both Level” 和 “Low Level” 记录中显示的高度信息将按照以下标准确定：
  The altitude information shown on “Both Level” and “Low Level” records will be established with the following criteria:
  1.“高度和低空航路” 的高度信息将来自官方政府来源。“最低高度” 输入的值将是公布的最低航路高度（MEAs）或最低飞行高度（MFAs）（如果有这些值的话）。如果通过原始文件无法获得这两个值中的任何一个，将使用一个代码表示以下两种情况之一：
  1.The altitude information included for “Both” Altitude and “Low” Altitude Airways will be derived from official government source. The values entered for “Minimum Altitude” will be published MEAs (Minimum Enroute Altitude) or MFAs (Minimum Flight Altitude) when such are available. If neither of those two values are available through source documentation, a code indicating one of the following two conditions will be used:
  NESTB-MEA或MFA在源文件中出现时，就认为无最低高度，在类似航段上也适用此规则。
  NESTB-MEA/MFA not established in source documentation. Used when the source does not establish minimum altitudes as a general rule. Also used when source documentation does provide minimum altitude information as a general rule and has explicitly not established a value for a specific route segment or segments.
  UNKNN-MEA或MFA在生成导航数据时未包括，但源文件提供了一般规则，导航数据库供应商希望后续源文件中能用。
  UNKNN-MEA/MFA Minimum Altitude was unknown at the time the data base was produced but the source documentation does provide MEA or MFA as a general rule. The data base supplier expects that future source documentation will provide some minimum altitude information.
  2.这里有两个最低高度字段，只有发布了带方向性的MEA或MFA时，才会使用到第二个字段。方向性信息只会在高度间隔标准不一致时用上，但有了NESTB UNKNN后就不提供了。
  2.There are two Minimum Altitude fields. The second of these is only used when an Enroute Airway has been published with “Directional MEAs” or “Directional MFAs.” “Directional” information is considered to exist when the difference in altitude in opposing flight directions is higher than would be indicated by normal separation standards. “Directional” altitudes will not be provided for “NESTB” and “UNKNN.”
  3.对于没有公布标准间隔或指定使用空间的航路航线第一个最低高度栏将填入最低可用高度。不标准的间隔或高度使用空间，会在航路/航线的cruise table ref中保存。
  3.For Enroute Airways published with non-standard separation or blocked altitudes, the first Minimum Altitude field will contain the lowest altitude available. The non-standard separation and/or blocked altitude information will be available in the “Cruise Table” referenced in the Enroute Airway Record.
  4.“最大高度” 字段将包含航路航线段的最高可用高度。这将等于航线所在指定空域（低空空域结构或 “双” 空域结构）中可用的最高飞行高度层，除非在官方政府来源中公布了较低的高度、“MAA”（最大授权高度）。
  4.The Maximum Altitude field will contain the highest useable altitude for the Enroute Airway Segment. This will be equal to the highest available Flight Level in the Designated Airspace in which the route is available (Low Altitude Structure or “Both” Altitude Structure) unless a lower altitude, a “MAA” or Maximum Authorized Altitude, has been published in the official government source.

RNP编码 RNP Coding

  RNP values are supplied inbound to the fix in the airway sequence record, when viewed in increasing sequence number order. The RNP applies only to the airway leg on which it is supplied. Like-values in subsequent sequences will be repeated in the airway record. If no RNP values is supplied on a segment, there is not a database specified RNP for that segment.
  在以序列编号升序查看时，所需导航性能（RNP）值在航路序列记录中被提供给定位点的进近方向。RNP 仅适用于提供它的航路航段。后续序列中的相同值将在航路记录中重复出现。如果在一个航段上没有提供 RNP 值，则该航段没有数据库指定的 RNP。
  Examples of coding:

  Explanation:
  Sequence 010 has a “blank” RNP field. In the example, sequence 010 is the first sequence of the airway and there is no “inbound to the fix” data
  序列 010 的 RNP 字段为 “空白”。在该示例中，序列 010 是航路的第一个序列，并且没有 “飞往定位点的进近” 数据。
  Sequence 020 has a coded RNP value of 050, meaning that a RNP of 5.0NM applies to the segment defined by the waypoints ALPHA and BRAVO, regardless of the direction flown.
  序列 020 的编码所需导航性能（RNP）值为 050，这意味着无论飞行方向如何，5.0 海里的所需导航性能适用于由航路点 ALPHA 和 BRAVO 定义的航段。
  Sequence 030 has a coded RNP value of 040, meaning that a RNP of 4.0NM applies to the segment defined by the waypoints BRAVO and CARLY, regardless of the direction flown.
  序列 030 的编码所需导航性能（RNP）值为 040，这意味着无论飞行方向如何，4.0 海里的所需导航性能适用于由 “BRAVO” 和 “CARLY” 航路点定义的航段。
  Sequence 040 has a coded RNP value of 100, meaning that a RNP of 10.0NM applies to the segment defined by the waypoints CARLY and DELTA, regardless of the direction flown.
  序列 040 的编码所需导航性能（RNP）值为 100，这意味着 10.0 海里的所需导航性能适用于由航路点 CARLY 和 DELTA 定义的航段，无论飞行方向如何。
  Sequence 050 has a “blank” RNP field, meaning there is no published RNP for the segment defined by the waypoints DELTA and ECHHO, regardless of the direction flown.
  序列 050 有一个 “空白” 的所需导航性能（Required Navigation Performance，RNP）字段，这意味着对于由航路点 DELTA 和 ECHHO 定义的航段，无论飞行方向如何，都没有公布的所需导航性能。
  Sequence 060 has a coded RNP value of 050, meaning that a RNP of 5.0NM applies to the segment defined by the waypoints ECHHO and FOXTR, regardless of the direction flown. In this example, sequence 060 is the last sequence of the airway.
  序列 060 的编码所需导航性能（RNP）值为 050，这意味着 5.0 海里的所需导航性能适用于由航路点 ECHHO 和 FOXTR 定义的航段，无论飞行方向如何。在这个例子中，序列 060 是航路的最后一个序列。

许可协议

本文采用 署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际 许可协议，转载请注明出处。

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